Spatial postpositions

English has prepositions (above the city); Hungarian has postpositions — same job, placed after the noun:

A madár a város felett repül.

The bird flies above the city.

A férfi a híd alatt van.

The man is below the bridge.

A kutya a lány mellett ül.

The dog sits next to the girl.

And like the locative cases, each spatial postposition comes in three flavors — moving towards, static, moving away:

Meaning	Towards (to)	Static	Away (from)
next to	mellé	mellett	mellől
above	fölé	felett / fölött	fölül
below	alá	alatt	alól
in front of	elé	előtt	elől
behind	mögé	mögött	mögül
between / among	közé	között	közül

(Felett and fölött are dialect variants — today fully interchangeable.)

With pronouns: possessive endings

Postpositions can’t combine with standalone pronouns (én mellé). Instead the postposition takes a possessive suffix:

István mellém ült.

mellé-m → next-to-me (motion: sitting down)

István sat down next to me.

A férfi kijött mögüled.

The man came out from behind you.

Note mellém, not mellettem, in the first example — sitting down implies motion to the spot.

See also: possessive suffixes · ki- is a coverb.